Glossary

7-mode

NetApp “7 Mode” is either a single controller, or two controllers clustered for High Avaibility.

<bytes>

Integer.

<glob>

glob patterns specify sets of strings with wildcard characters. For example, the glob production* will include production1 and production2 strings.

<str>

String

ACS

is an Automated Cartridge System (ACS), the term for an automated tape library or group of connected libraries, including the tape drives and tape cartridges in the libraries.

ACSLS

is an Automated Cartridge System Library Software. A Library management system which manages tape libraries. It can manage multiple tape libraries and service the requests from multiple client applications concurrently.

Active Directory

is a directory service (MSAD) implemented by Microsoft for Windows domain networks. It is included in most Windows Server operating systems.

AD

Active Directory

API

is acronym for Application Program Interface.

ARC (Archive Log)

is a standard method for ensuring data integrity. Archive Log’s central concept is that changes to data files (where tables and indexes reside) will be written only after those changes have been logged, that is, after log records describing the changes have been flushed to permanent storage.

Azure

See Microsoft Azure

Azure CLI

Azure command line interface

Backint

External backup programs are accessed using the BACKINT SAP interface program, which is provided by Bacula Systems.

Backup Server Archive API

is a standard Application Programming Interface used by the Sybase Backup Server component to perform online database backups and restores using streaming interface and external Media Management System (MMS)

backups

Bacula backups using the Incremental Accelerator plugin are made using either NFS or CIFS protocols so you can easily do individual file restores.

Bacula

Bacula, the leading open source backup and recovery suite

Bacula Backup Proxy Pod

is a Kubernetes service dedicated to PVC Data archive backup and restore operations which acts as a proxy application between Persistent Volume data and Bacula Enterprise File Daemon and Kubernetes Plugin. This application requires a dedicated bacula-backup docker image to be deployed.

Bacula Enterprise

Bacula with commercial, enterprise-level support options and some additional features.

BinLog

The binary log contains “events” that describe database changes such as table creation operations or changes to table data. The binary log also contains information about how long each statement took to update data.

Block dirty bitmap

is an in-memory objects that track writes to block devices. This can be used in conjunction with various block job operations to perform incremental or differential backup regimens.

BMR

Bare Metal Recovery is the process of restoring a backup directly onto new hardware, without going through an explicit operating system installation first. In practice, recovery media tailored to the recovery solution and your operating environment (operating system and network) is used.

BRARCHIVE

Backs up offline redo log files. Provided by SAP.

BRBACKUP

Backs up data files, control files, and online redo log files of the database. Provided by SAP.

BRCONNECT

Performs database administration tasks such as statistics update, check database system, adapt next extents, clean up logs and DBA tables. Provided by SAP.

BRGUI

Functions as a Java-based GUI, working as the front-end display program for BRTools. Provided by SAP.

BRRECOVER

Recovers database files and restores profiles and log files. Provided by SAP.

BRRESTORE

Restores data files, control files, and redo log files. Provided by SAP.

BRSPACE

Manages the database instance, space, and segments (that is, tables and indexes). Provided by SAP.

BRTools

SAP provides the tools BRBACKUP, BRARCHIVE, BRRESTORE, BRRECOVER, BRSPACE, BRCONNECT, and BRTools to manage and protect the data in your database. BRTools are command line programs, which you can also schedule in the background.

bvmdk

is a file format used internally in the Bacula Enterprise vSphere Plugin to handle sparse block and differential/incremental binary backup. Once converted with the vddk tool, a raw image of the original disk s the result which you can convert to a vmdk using the qemu-img util.

c-mode

NetApp “Cluster Mode” is either single controller, or multiple pairs connected. It is possible to have a single storage system with more than two controllers; there are some features specific for C-Mode (single namespace, Infinite Volumes, etc.). The Cluster Mode is supported for ONTAP versions 8.2.1 and newer.

CBT

Changed Block Tracking.

CBT (Xen)

is a Changed Blocks Tracking functionality which allows to compute a list of changed blocks between two points in time.

Cell

is a receptacle in the LSM in which a cartridge is stored.

Chunks

Bacula cuts files into chunks. Every chunk is stored and indexed in the deduplication engine (DedupEngine).

CIFS

Common Internet File System operates as an application-layer network protocol mainly used for providing shared access to files, printers, serial ports, and miscellaneous communications between nodes on a network.

CIFS (NDMP)

Common Internet File System, operates as an application-layer network protocol mainly used to provide shared access to files, printers, serial ports, and miscellaneous communications between nodes on a network. It also provides an authenticated inter-process communication mechanism. Most usage of CIFS involves computers running Microsoft Windows, where it is often known as “Microsoft Windows Network”.

Client

The Bacula File daemon (also known as the Client program) is the software program that is installed on the machine to be backed up.

Client Side Rehydration

is a heuristic algorithm that searches in files still present on the client for the chunk that will be restored.

Cluster

A database cluster is a collection of databases that is managed by a single instance of a running database server.

Container

is a runnable instance of an image and refers to an operating system feature in which the kernel allows the existence of multiple isolated user-space instances.

Container (K8s)

is a runnable instance of an image and refers to an operating system feature in which the kernel allows the existence of multiple isolated user-space instances.

Container Area

This is the set of the 65 containers that can be accessed through a unified addressing method.

Containers

This is where chunks of data are stored sequentially. Bacula uses 65 containers to handle different chunk sizes (1K - 65K)

CopyOnly

A copy-only backup is a MSSQL backup that is independent of the sequence of conventional SQL Server backups. However, occasionally, it is useful to take a backup for a special purpose without affecting the overall backup and restore procedures for the database. See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms191495.aspx for more details.

CSC

is a Client System Component which consists of one or more software components that provide an interface between a client system requiring automated library services and the library control system.

CSI

is a Client System Interface. The software component which translates and routes messages between the ACS Library Manager (ACSLM) and the Storage Server Interfaces (SSI).

Custom Dump

The most flexible output file format is the “custom” format. It allows for selection and reordering of all archived items, and can be compressed.

DAR

Direct Access Recovery can restore a directory or individual files from a backup image. On some NDMP systems, DAR can seek on the backup volume to speed up the restore process.

Data Pump

Oracle Data Pump is a newer, faster and more flexible alternative to the “exp” and “imp” utilities used in previous Oracle versions. Unfortunately, this new method doesn’t support outputting data directly to a FIFO file, so using Data Pump tools requires you to dump data on disk first then read that data with the Bacula Enterprise File Daemon. The current Bacula Enterprise Oracle Plugin doesn’t support Data Pump.

Datastore

When using a VMware ESXi server, the files of the virtual machine resides in a central mass storage.

DDE (DedupEngine)

The deduplication engine manages the Container Area, the Free Space Map and the Index. The deduplication engine converts chunks into references and stores or retrieves chunks.

Delta Encoding

is a way of storing data in the form of differences between sequential data rather than complete files; more generally this is known as block differencing. Delta encoding is sometimes called delta compression, particularly where archival histories of changes are required.

Differential

A differential backup is based on the most recent, previous full data backup. A differential backup captures only the data that has changed since that full backup. See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms175526.aspx for more details.

Dir

Bacula Director program

Directory Server Plugin

consisting of the LDAP and MSAD Plugins.

DLO

Swift Dynamic Large Object

DN

is an object Distinguished Name, a full path of the object in the tree.

Docker

is a computer program that performs operating-system-level virtualization, also known as “containerization”.

Docker (K8s)

is a computer program that performs operating-system-level virtualization, also known as “containerization”.

Docker ID

is the unique identifier (SHA256 based) used to identify containers or system images at Docker. The ID could be referenced using a short or full SHA256 hex string. The full version consist of a 64 hex chars and the short version is the 12 hex chars from the beginning of full string.

DR

Disaster Recovery

DRIVEID

is an ACSLS style path to locate the corresponding Tape Drive.

DUMP

is a Unix program used to back up file systems. It operates on the filesystem’s file and directory level. DUMP is used by some NAS vendors as their backup format.

Dump

Script dumps are plain-text files containing the SQL commands required to reconstruct the database to the state it was in at the time it was dumped.

Dump (PostgreSQL)

Script dumps are plain-text files containing the SQL commands required to reconstruct the database to the state it was in at the time it was saved.

Engine

MySQL supports several storage engines that act as handlers for different table types. MySQL storage engines include both those that handle transaction-safe tables and those that handle nontransaction-safe tables.

ESXi

VMware ESX and VMware ESXi are both bare-metal hypervisor architectures that install directly on the server hardware. The smaller code base of ESXi represents a smaller “attack surface” and less code to patch, improving reliability and security.

Exchange

Microsoft Exchange

Exchange Management Console

Microsoft Exchange Managenment Console

Exchange Management Shell

Microsoft Exchange Management Shell

EXP/IMP

Oracle’s export (exp) import (imp) utilities are used to perform logical database backup and recovery. When exporting, database objects are dumped to a binary file which can then be imported into another Oracle database.

FC

Fibre Channel refers to the means of connecting SAN equipment together. Generally, it is fiber optical cables, but it can also be copper cabling. There are a number of ways of connecting SAN equipment such as switches, loops, hubs, and routers, but most are connected using optical switches, which physically look much like typical 1Gb Ethernet switches. Fibre channel typically has transfer speeds of from 2Gb to 10Gb per second.

FD

Bacula File Daemon

FSM (Free Space Map)

The FSM structure maintains free areas in the Containers. The FSM is stored in a file and mapped into memory.

Full

A full database backup backs up the whole database. This includes part of the transaction log so that the full database can be recovered after a full database backup is restored. Full database backups represent the database at the time the backup finished. See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms186289.aspx for more details.

GBIC

Gigabit Interface Converter is a transceiver standard for swappable electrical interfaces. SFP (next item) has made GBICs obsolete.

Genuine QEMU

is a QEMU virtualization not managed by any virtualization management software, i.e. Proxmox

Google Workspace

is a collection of cloud computing, productivity and collaboration tools, software and products developed and marketed by Google. It was first launched in 2006 as Google Apps for Your Domain and rebranded as G Suite in 2016, then rebranded again in 2020 as Google Workspace. Google Workspace consists of Gmail, Contacts, Calendar, Meet and Chat for communication; Currents for employee engagement; Drive for storage; and the Google Docs suite for content creation.

guest VM

is the Virtual Machine Guest installed on XenServer hypervisor.

Guest VM

is a Guest Virtual Machine installed on a Proxmox hypervisor. This term referse to both QEMU and LXC guests.

Guest-Tools

is the application installed on guest VM operating system which enables a tight integration of guests VMs with the XenServer hypervisor.

guestfish (vSphere)

A shell and command-line tool for examining and modifying virtual machine file-systems. On Redhat 7, it is required to use a modified or a vanilla version of the guestfish package to support Windows NTFS devices.

HBA

A Host Bus Adapter is generally a computer card (PCI-Express) that is plugged in a computer and provides from 1 to 4 Fibre Channel connectors (very similar to an Ethernet card providing Ethernet ports).

hdbbackint

With SAP HANA the backint program is named hdbbackint

HDFS

is a acronym for Hadoop Distributed File System.

HFC

stands for High File Count.

HIST

is the “File History” generated during a NDMP backup.

Image

is a read-only template with instructions for creating a Docker container.

Incarnation

Whenever the database is opened with the command ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS

Index

The Index is a Tokyo Cabinet hash database which maps chunk hashes to physical addresses in the Container Area.

InnoDB

InnoDB is the default storage engine for MySQL as of MySQL version 5.5. It provides the standard ACID-compliant transaction features, along with foreign keys.

Instance

An Oracle database server consists of an Oracle database and an Oracle instance. Every time a database is started, a system global area (SGA) is allocated and Oracle background processes are started. The combination of the background processes and memory buffers is called an Oracle instance.

Job

A Bacula Job is a configuration resource that defines the work that Bacula must perform to backup or restore a particular Client.

JSON

is a JavaScript Object Notation, an open standard file format and data interchange format that uses human-readable text to store and transmit data objects consisting of attribute–value pairs and arrays (or other serializable values). It is a common data format with diverse uses in electronic data interchange, including that of web applications with servers.

K8S

is the short for Kubernetes and is uses interchangeably.

Kubernetes

is an open-source system for automating deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. It groups containers that make up an application into logical units for easy management and discovery.

Kubernetes Resource

is a configuration entity which describe how a particular component should be executed and maintained. It includes a core components like Pod, Service, Persistent Volume Claim or extended components like Replica Set, Deployment or Stateful Set.

KVM

(Kernel-based Virtual Machine) is a full virtualization solution for Linux on x86 hardware containing virtualization extensions (Intel VT or AMD-V).

LDAP

is the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol. It is an application protocol for accessing and maintaining distributed directory information services over an Internet Protocol (IP) network.

libobk

The SBT interface is implemented through libobk library file.

libvirt

is a toolkit to interact with the virtualization capabilities of recent versions of Linux.

LSM

is a Library Storage Module. The portion of an ACS that provides the storage area for cartridges, cartridge drives, CAPs, and the robot necessary for moving them.

LSN

Every record in the MSSQL Server transaction log is uniquely identified by a log sequence number (LSN). See https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms190411%28v=sql.105%29.aspx for more details.

LSN (MySQL)

The Log Sequence Number is a unique ever-increasing value that represents a point in time corresponding to operations recorded in the MySQL redo log. It is used internally by InnoDB during crash recovery and for managing the buffer pool.

LVM

is a Logical Volume Management, a logical layer for block device for flexible storage management.

LXC

is an operating system level virtualization method for running multiple isolated Linux systems on a control host using a single Linux kernel.

Microsoft 365

is a cloud-based software solution offered by Microsoft as a service. It is intended to be used by customers who want to externalize their businesses services like email, collaboration, video conferencing, file sharing, and others. Companies across industries are modernizing their data platforms to leverage new-age applications and advanced analytics at the same time as they are moving their data to cloud, and Microsoft 365 is one of the most used solutions to provide services as mailboxes, collaboration solutions or web sites among many others.

Microsoft Azure

Often referred to as Azure. Microsoft Azure is a cloud computing service operated by Microsoft for application management via Microsoft-managed data centers.

MMS

is an acronym for Media Management System which is the vendor backup application, i.e. Bacula Enterprise.

MSSQL

Stands for Microsoft SQL Server.

MyISAM

MyISAM is based on the older ISAM code but has many useful extensions. The major deficiency of MyISAM is the absence of support for transactions. Each MyISAM table is stored on disk in three files. MySQL uses a .frm file to store the definition of the table, but this file is not a part of the MyISAM engine; instead it is a part of the server. The data file has a .MYD (MYData) extension. The index file has a .MYI (MYIndex) extension.

NAS, Filer

Network Attached Storage is a file-level computer data storage device connected to a computer network providing data access to heterogeneous clients.

NBD

Network Block Device: vSphere allows access to files from a datastore using File Access, NBD Access, NBD over SSL Access or SAN Access. The NBD file access uses TCP/IP as network protocol.

NDFS

Stands for Nutanix Distributed File System

NDMP

Network Data Management Protocol is an industry standard protocol created to ease the process of integrating backup and restore for network attached storage (NAS) devices with data protection software such as Bacula Enterprise. For more information about NDMP visit: https://www.snia.org/ndmp

netapp-hfc

Internal name for the plugin Incremental Accelerator for NetApp.

NFS

Network File System is a distributed file system protocol originally developed by Sun Microsystems, allowing a user on a client computer to access files over a network in a manner similar to how local storage is accessed.

NFS (NDMP)

Network File System is a network file system protocol originally developed by Sun Microsystems in 1984, allowing a user on a client computer to access files over a network in a manner similar to how local storage is accessed.

node

is a system where Proxmox is installed. A node may be a stand-alone system, or a member of a cluster.

Nutanix-AHV

Stands for Nutanix Acropolis HyperVisor Virtualization management platform optimized for database deployement and management

Oracle RMAN

The Oracle Recovery Manager. Provided by Oracle.

Oracle SBT

The Oracle Media Library Manager. Handled by the Bacula Enterprise Oracle SBT Plugin.

Persistent Volume Claim

(PVC) is a request for storage by a user which could be consumed by Pod. This resource associate PV with a Pod.

Persistent Volumes

(PV) is a piece of storage in the cluster that has been dynamically provisioned or provisioned by an administrator what life cycle is independent of any individual Pod that uses the PV.

PITR

Database point-in-time recovery (PITR) restores a database from backups prior to the target time for recovery, then uses incremental backups and redo to roll the database forward to the target time. PITR is sometimes called incomplete recovery because a PITR recovers only to the target time and thus does not use all of the available log files or completely recover all changes to your database.

PostgreSQL uses Write Ahead Log (WAL) to revert to any time instance covered by the available WAL data: we simply install a prior physical backup of the database, and replay the WAL log just as far as the desired time. What’s more, the physical backup doesn’t have to be an instantaneous snapshot of the database state if it is made over some period of time, then replaying the WAL log for that period will fix any internal inconsistencies.

Pool

A Bacula Pool is a logical collection of volumes.

PowerShell

Microsoft PowerShell

Proxmox

is a complete open-source platform for enterprise virtualization.

Proxy Copy

this feature is a RMAN option that is not supported by the current implementation of the Bacula Enterprise SBT interface.

proxy VM

is a special virtual machine on an hypervisor whose running a Bacula File Deamon to handle backup and restore of whole virtual environment

QCOW2

is a file format for disk image files used by QEMU, a hosted virtual machine monitor. It stands for “QEMU Copy On Write” and uses a disk storage optimization strategy that delays allocation of storage until it is actually needed. Files in qcow format can contain a variety of disk images which are generally associated with specific guest operating systems.

QEMU

is an open-source hosted hypervisor that performs hardware virtualization.

QMP

is a QEMU Machine Protocol (QMP). It is a JSON-based protocol which allows applications to control a QEMU instance.

Recover

a restored datafile is to update it by applying archived redo logs and online redo logs, that is, records of changes made to the database after the backup was taken.

Recovery Media

Emergency boot medium such as a USB key or a DVD/CDROM that allows initiating a Bare Metal Recovery.

Reference

is a reference to a chunk (block) in the deduplication engine. Usually a Reference is a set of 3 items:

• the hash of the chunk

• the address of the chunk in the Container Area

• the size of the chunk

Querying the Index with the hash allows the DDE to retrieve the address and the size. Computing the hash of the chunk and comparing it with the hash allows the DDE to verify the integrity of the data. The address provides direct and fast access to the chunk.

Registration Wizard

is a program that can register the local system where it runs with the BCloud Service.

REST API

REST-compliant web services allow the requesting systems to access and manipulate textual representations of web resources by using a uniform and predefined set of stateless operations.

Restore

is the action of getting data back to a prior consistent state from a backup. After a restore a database may need to recovered to roll it forward to a particular point in time.

RMAN

Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN), a command-line and Oracle Enterprise Manager-based tool, is the Oracle-preferred method for efficiently backing up and recovering an Oracle database. RMAN is designed to work intimately with the server, providing block-level corruption detection during backup and restore. RMAN optimizes performance and space consumption during backup with file multiplexing and backup-set compression. http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B28359_01/backup.111/b28270/toc.htm

Rolling Checksums

is a hash function where the input is hashed in a window that moves through the input.

S3

S3 stands for Simple Storage Service (S3) wich is a protocol created by Amazon Web Services (AWS) that is avaiable as part of AWS services but also from other providers. It is a service that provides object storage through a web service interface. It can store any type of object, which allows uses like storage for Internet applications, backups, disaster recovery, data archives, data lakes for analytics, and hybrid cloud storage.

SAN

A Storage Area Network is generally a optically connected network of SCSI devices; typically disk or tape. Bacula has implemented Shared Storage for tape only. Shared Storage is not needed with Bacula using disk drives. Consequently, this Shared Storage implementation applies only to tape devices – generally autochangers (also known as tape libraries or autoloaders).

SAN (vSphere)

vSphere allows access to files from a datastore using direct I/O access. The SAN may use the Fibre Chanel network (LAN-free backup) or iSCSI over TCP/IP.

SAP HANA Cockpit

can be used to create data backups to the file system or to Backint.

SAP HANA Studio

can be used to display current backup status.

SAS

Stands for Shared Access Signature. It is a URL that grants restricted access to Azure storage resources.

SBT

is an acronym for Serial Backup Tape which is commonly used interchangeably as a detailed technical acronym for MMS. By default, RMAN sends all backups to an operating system specific directory on disk. You can also configure RMAN to make backups to media such as tape using SBT module. Bacula will act as Media Manager, and the data will be transfered directly from RMAN to Bacula.

Schedule

A Schedule is a configuration resource that defines when the Bacula Job will be scheduled for execution.

Schema

is a collection of database objects. A schema is owned by a database user and has the same name as that user. Schema objects are the logical structures that directly refer to the database’s data. Schema objects include structures like tables, views, and indexes. (There is no relationship between a tablespace and a schema. Objects in the same schema can be in different tablespaces, and a tablespace can hold objects from different schemas.)

SCN

System Change Number (SCN) in Oracle is a number that increments sequentially with every database commit: inserts, updates, and deletes. The SCN is also incremented through linked database interactions.

SD

Bacula Storage Daemon

SELinux

Security-Enhanced Linux (SELinux) is a Linux kernel security module that provides a mechanism for supporting access control security policies, including United States Department of Defense–style mandatory access controls (MAC).

Server

A database server is a collection of databases that is managed by a single instance of a running database server.

service

The service name can then be specified by a PostgreSQL Client connection, and the associated settings will be used.

SFP

Small Form factor Plugable transceiver interface or Mini-GBIC is the standard Fibre Channel hot-pluggable connector. Although it is an open standard, these devices are unfortunately usually not compatible between major switch manufacturers.

SID

The Oracle System ID (SID) is used to uniquely identify a particular database on a system. For this reason, one cannot have more than one database with the same SID on a computer system. Generally the SID is set in the environment variable “ORACLE_SID”. Alternatively, you might find it in the first field (before :) of the configuration file /etc/oratab.

Single Item Restore

Is the ability to restore a directory or individual files from a backup.

SLO

Swift Static Large Object

Slot

is a logical location of the volume in .

SMTAPE

is a NetApp format used to backup NAS volumes at a raw level.

Snapshots

Using NetApp snapshot techniques, Bacula Systems has implemented code that significantly speeds up the process of determining what files must be backed up for Incremental backups. This is particularly effective when the NetApp has many millions of files.

SPC-2

An older protocol for SCSI reservation or locking that is problematic if the host that did the reservation (locking) goes down, because then you must do a SCSI reset, a bus device reset, a LUN reset, or a power cycle. Bacula Enterprise does not support SPC-2.

SPC-3

A newer protocol for SCSI reservation or locking that is implement within the firmware of each SCSI device. This protocol permits breaking a reservation or lock if a host that did the reservation (locking) goes down. Bacula Enterprise support this protocol through the sg_persist program available on Linux and Solaris systems. Please be aware that for the SPC-3 locking to work, the tape library or autochanger must have the SPC-3 protocol implemented in the firmware by the tape library vendor. Not all tape drive models support the SPC-3 protocol, though most modern (LTO-4 and later do).

SR

is a XenServer Storage Resource where a group of VDIs are stored.

SSI

is a Storage Server Interface. A software component (the part of CSC), resident on a client system which translates and routes messages between client applications and the CSI.

SSIEL

is a SSI Event Logger. The software component (the part of CSC) responsible for event and trace logs save in runtime.

SVM

is the abbreviation for a Storage Virtual Machine, essentially a virtual host with its own IP address, storage volumes, and exports or shares in a C-Mode cluster. SVMs can be managed more or less independently from the actual appliances in a NetApp cluster.

Swift

is a highly available, distributed, eventually consistent object/blob

sybacula

is a Bacula Enterprise Sybase Plugin module which integrates Sybase Backup Server Archive API with the Bacula Enterprise backup solution. It is provided as a dynamically loaded module: libsybacula.so or libsybacula.dll.

Tablespace

A database is divided into logical storage units called tablespaces, which group related logical structures together. For example, tablespaces commonly group together all application objects to simplify some administrative operations.

TAR

is a Unix program used to back up file systems. It operates on the filesystem’s file and directory level. Tar is used by some NAS vendors as their backup format.

Tombstone

is a deleted AD object invisible to normal directory operations.

Transaction Log

Every MSSQL Server database has a transaction log that records all transactions and the database modifications made by each transaction. The transaction log is a critical component of the database and, if there is a system failure, the transaction log might be required to bring your database back to a consistent state. See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms190925.aspx for more details.

UUID

is the universally unique identifier, a 128-bit number used to identify information in computer systems.

Vacuum

reclaims storage occupied by unused chunks. In normal operation, chunks that are unreferenced by a purge are not physically removed from their container; they remain present until a vacuum is done. Therefore it is necessary to perform a vacuum process periodically.

VADP

is the next generation of VMware’s data protection framework introduced in vSphere 4.0 that enables backup products to do centralized, efficient, off-host, LAN-free backup of vSphere virtual machines.

VCB

stands for VMware Consolidated Backup. This is an older VMware API that is generally no longer used. The Bacula vSphere plugin does not use VCB.

VDDK

The Virtual Disk Development Kit is a collection of C/C++ libraries, utilities, and documentation to help creating and accessing VMware virtual disk storage. The VDDK is useful in conjunction with the vSphere API for writing backup and recovery software, or similar applications.

VDI

a Virtual Disk Image is a XenServer object representing a disk image.

VDI (Virtual Device Interface)

is a Microsoft technology that permits to create a named pipe between programs.

virsh

is the libvirt command shell.

VM

is an acronym for “Virtual Machine”.

VM (vSphere)

Acronym for “Virtual Machine”.

VMA

is a special Virtual Machine Archive which is used by the Proxmox hypervisor and the Bacula Proxmox Plugin to store QEMU guest VMs.

vmdk

is a file format used for virtual appliances developed for VMware products.

VMID

is the unique identifier used to identify guest VMs on a Proxmox hypervisor.

VOLSER

is a Volume serial number. A synonym for a Volume external label identifier.

Volume

is a tape cartridge managed by ACSLS. The same term is used in Bacula Enterprise.

Volume (Docker)

is a persistent storage resource in Docker which persist container data in separation from container removal and creation.

vSphere

VMware vSphere is the a server virtualization platform with consistent management for virtual data centers.

VSS

Volume Shadow Copy Service

WAL

Write-Ahead Logging is a standard method for ensuring data integrity. WAL’s central concept is that changes to data files (where tables and indexes reside) must be written only after those changes have been logged, that is, after log records describing the changes have been flushed to permanent storage.

XAPI

is an Application Programing Interface provided by Xen to manage virtualization platform programatically.

xbstream

To support simultaneous compression and streaming, a new custom streaming format called xbstream was introduced to XtraBackup in addition to the TAR format.

XenServer

is a leading virtualization management platform optimized for application, desktop and server virtualization infrastructures using Xen OpenSource Hypervisor.

xtrabackup

Percona XtraBackup is an open source hot backup utility for MySQL servers that does not lock the database during the backup. The Bacula MySQL plugin support a limited set of Percona XtraBackup options by using the binary backup mode.

XVA

stands for the “XenServer Virtual Appliance” file, which is used by the XenCenter and Bacula XenServer Plugin to store guest VMs.